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Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin (;〔(Искатели. Клад Григория Распутина - документальный фильм )〕 〔Kerensky, p. 182.〕) was a Russian peasant, mystical faith healer and a trusted friend to the family of Nicholas II, the last Tsar of Russia. He became an influential figure in Saint Petersburg, especially after August 1915 when Nicholas took command of the army at the front. There is much uncertainty over Rasputin's life and the degree of influence he exerted over the shy and irresolute Tsar and Alexandra Feodorovna, his nervous and depressed wife.〔H. Rappaport (2014) "Four Sisters. The Lost lives of the Romanov Grand Duchesses, p. 129.〕 Accounts are often based on dubious memoirs, hearsay and legend. While his influence and position may have been exaggerated—he had become synonymous with power, debauchery and lust—historians agree that his presence played a significant role in the increasing unpopularity of the Imperial couple. ==Early life== Grigori Rasputin was born the son of a well-to-do peasant and ''yamshchik'' (postal coachdriver) in the small village of Pokrovskoye, in the Tobolsk Governorate (now Yarkovsky District in the Tyumen Oblast) in the immense West Siberian Plain. The parish register contains the following entry for 9 January 1869 (): "In the village of Pokrovskoye, in the family of the peasant Yefim Yakovlevich Rasputin and his wife, both Orthodox, was born a son, Grigory."〔(Joseph T Fuhrmann, ''Rasputin: The Untold Story'' ); Retrieved 18 January 2015〕〔(Demystifying the life of Grigory Rasputin | Russia Beyond The Headlines ). Rbth.ru (27 December 2012). Retrieved on 15 July 2014.〕〔(Royal Russia News: Demystifying the life of Grigory Rasputin ). ''Russia Beyond the Headlines'' via Angelfire.com. 27 December 2012.〕 The next day he was baptized and named after St. Gregory of Nyssa, whose feast day is on 10 January.〔Radzinsky (2000), pp. 25, 29.〕 Grigori was the fifth of nine children. Only two survived—Grigori and his sister Feodosiya. He never attended school; according to the census of 1897 almost everybody in the village was illiterate.〔Fuhrmann, p. 9.〕 In Pokrovskoye, the young Rasputin was regarded as an outsider, but one endowed with mysterious gifts. "His limbs jerked, he shuffled his feet and always kept his hands occupied. Despite physical tics, he commanded attention."〔Fuhrmann, pp. 11–13.〕 The little that is known about his childhood was passed down by his daughter Maria,〔Rasputin.〕 but all her memoirs are regarded as unreliable. On 2 February 1887 Rasputin married Praskovia Fyodorovna Dubrovina (1866-1936), and together the couple had three children: Dmitri, Matryona and Varvara; two earlier sons and a daughter died young. In 1892 〔Nelipa, p. 16.〕 Rasputin abruptly left his village, his wife, children and parents. He spent several months in a monastery in Verkhoturye; Alexander Spiridovich suggested after the death of a child,〔Spiridovich, p. 15.〕 but the monastery was enlarged in those years to receive more pilgrims.〔(Верхотурский Во Имя Святителя Николая Чудотворца Мужской Монастырь ). Pravenc.ru. Retrieved on 15 July 2014.〕 Outside the monastery lived a hermit named Brother Makary. Makary had a strong influence on Rasputin, which led to Grigori's giving up drinking and eating meat. When he arrived home he had become a zealous convert.〔Fuhrmann, p. 17〕〔Moynahan, p. 31〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Grigori Rasputin」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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